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  • Hey all, just changed over the backend after 15 years I figured time to give it a bit of an update, its probably gonna be a bit weird for most of you and i am sure there is a few bugs to work out but it should kinda work the same as before... hopefully :)

Down with 4x3 HD Commercials!

Marc Wielage

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This just came up on another discussion group, but I thought it was relevant here, and I could blow off some steam...

I've worked on thousands of commercials in my life, and more bad TV shows than I can possibly remember. (There's 44 network TV series on my resume, but I think I left a few out.)

Almost all big-budget American TV commercials nowadays are shot, edited, and finished in 16x9 HD. Many advertising agencies are terrified that the "great unwashed" among TV viewers still cling to 4x3 sets, and so they deliberately air all commercials in 4x3, regardless of how they're shot. As a result, we see a variety of bizarre aspect ratio combinations and flaws on U.S. HD broadcasts:


* 16x9 letterboxed inside a 4x3 frame (all too common)

* 16x9 squeezed inside a 4x3 frame, where everybody looks anorexic

* 16x9 with the sides cut off to fit a 4x3 frame (and not panned/scanned)

* "fattenized" 4x3 images that have been stretched to fill a 16x9 frame, making everybody look about 25% distorted and overweight

* "fattenized" 4x3 images that are stretched, then the sides are cut off inside a 4x3 frame (I swear, I've seen this on network stations).


What we don't see often enough:

* 16x9 HD that precisely fits a 16x9 frame, the way it was shot.


Ideally, what the commercial producers and ad agency people should do is, shoot the commercial for 16x9, then position the graphics for 4x3 so that, no matter what, viewers with old sets or new sets will still be able to read the advertising messages.

I think there's a lot of confusion and very bad decisions being made, by advertising agencies, by local stations, by cable channels, and by networks. What blows me away is that I'll see a million-dollar Mercedes commercial that I know for a fact was intended for 16x9, and it's being aired matted inside a tiny 4x3 frame, on my $4000 HD set. And within the same commercial break, a few minutes later, the exact same spot will air and it's in 16x9, filling the screen.

My opinion is that due to layoffs and cutbacks, there aren't enough smart people employed by local stations and networks to review every spot that comes in and sound an alarm when it's a standard-def commercial airing on a high-def station, or a 4x3 spot that really should be 16x9.

I believe airing these spots in 4x3 is an insult to the directors, the cinematographers, the art directors, the editors, the colorists, the sponsors, and all the other creative people who spent hundreds of hours working on these commercials. It's insane, it looks like crap, and it's just gotta stop.
 
There are several reasons for this ... and its not just idiocy.

Idiocy is a big part mind you.

Still ... depending on the local station mix ... and the advertisement agreement it happens.

Some stations aren't equipped to take HD for local transmission, even though they can retransmit the national HD feed.

When that happens you get local commercials being delivered as SD to the station, which then transmits the same footage on their SD and HD transmissions. Of course its all automatically upscaled for the HD transmission.

Then there are stations that aren't equipped for HD at all.

Finally there are local HD stations that rebroadcast data from those stations not equipped for HD at all. (Because they don't have a downlink!) I think these are very rare now.

Now, especially for bigger commercials, you'll get a national buy by the advertiser, and then local buys supporting local business. The local buys are usually done completely independently of the national ad buys by a local organization. (This is particularly common with car dealerships - as in the Mercedes example you gave!)

So ... the national marketing delivers both HD and SD versions to the national broadcast.

Local marketing delivers SD.

Local station rebroadcasts HD from SD source.

Sometimes you get the HD source downscaled in 16x9 and broadcast letterboxed in SD ... then it gets retransmitted in HD upscaled and you end up with windowed 16:9 aspect ...

follow the rest of that fiddly train of thought.

The logical cure is for national and local marketers for the same product/ads to co-ordinate media buys .. but that would aggravate too many ad execs egos because of perceived loss of control over their local feifdoms.
 
Don't forget the fact that some stations won't take both an HD and an SD version - they require the HD version you deliver to be "centercut safe" meaning that if your DP frames shots for 16x9 the station lops off both sides for broadcast in SD which can mean removing some of the action on screen. Until that's fixed you can't even shoot with anything but 4x3 in mind.
 
Remember NTSC stood for "Never Twice the Same Color" and now we have to live with HD "Hot Damn" what is it going to look like? Sooting TV commercials in 4:3 SD used to be frustrating enough, but I have to agree now with partial HD in some places the dice roll has become very strange.
 
I have gone through this several times. You lay out the options to the ad agency and then they try to impart that to the client
and most of the time they don't understand.
So now I usually edit:
1.) A 16x9 version with graphics HD safe.
2.) A 16x9 version with graphics 4:3 safe.
3.) A Letterboxed 4:3 version
4.) And a 4:3 version full using the 16x9 version with graphics 4:3 safe

I then make QuickTimes of each version and explain to the client
what is up with every version.
What I have discovered is that it is usually a cost issue.
I do regional & local ads. And most of the time
we are producing for the HQ of what is a franchise operation.
So you have owners in different markets with different budgets.
Most of the time clients would use DG Fast Channel
but some TV stations were not subscribers so we
would have to send a Letterboxed SD version on BetaSP.....
You think - all that work and it came down to that.

Here is a good article on this issue:

https://www.tvnewscheck.com/article/2010/09/30/45754/format-confusion-hindering-hd-ad-delivery
 
It bugs the hell out of me having to frame for 4:3 with safe title.
Kind of like having an Olympic size swimming pool but only using the shallow end.
 
We do commercials with the center-cut 4:3 requirement and I will just say I totally empathize with the aesthetic torment of it. What I've had to start doing is frame scene with this in mind to the extent that I try to think of it all as one 16:9 frame - and balance as such with the the important stuff in a 4:3 action safe - that way I will fill the edges with interesting picture information and try to create a balanced 16:9... but still... it's just wrong.

Another thing I'm against is interlacing. I shoot 30 progressive always. Safest, highest quality format (unless you're in Europe I guess or shooting for theatrical feature... though with digital distribution, I'd even say it's not going to be long before even for theatrical it's safe.
 
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